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Safety’ refers to protection against major hazards such as storms, floods and industrial explosions. The term ‘civil protection system’ describes coordinated national, regional and local arrangements designed to plan for, manage and respond to major emergencies, and to initiate recovery from them.
The lessons of the Covid-19 pandemic, alas largely negative, show that a good civilian system designed to protect the public against major hazards and threats can save thousands of lives and billions in losses and wasted expenditure. For years, local authorities have been starved of funds and resources. that are pertinent to the field.
I replied that, as there are more than 80 dedicated journals in the disasters, risks and hazards fields, and more than 500 others that occasionally publish papers on such themes, no such need existed. Prior to submitting a work for publication, one must make sure that one has read all the truly pertinent literature.
There has also been a rise in geophysical events including earthquakes and tsunamis which have killed more people than any of the other natural hazards under review in this report. While people always come first, it is as important to locate all of your organization’s assets. Where is your inventory?
Provincial, as well as Local Authorities, are aware of the owners and operators of CI in their territory. This is accomplished through the development, maintenance and testing of internal emergency management programs that are monitored and enforced by government authorities.
Provincial and local authorities are aware of the owners and operators of CI in their regions and together, they work to create and test emergencyplans that will ensure adequate response procedures and business continuity practices are in place, long before an incident occurs. And they also know how to work with CI teams.
What does all this mean for Britain? If we look at major emergencies in the UK over the last 25 years or so, there have been significant deficiencies in the response in just about every case. The real problem is that the British emergencyplanning, management and response system is fragmented and incomplete.
Since the start of the crisis, I have constantly affirmed that the key to understanding the effects of this pandemic is the UK Government's failure to give adequate weight to emergencyplanning and management (Alexander 2020a, 2020b). Plans were made in the UK in 2006, 2008, 2011 and 2014. I have taught it every year since then.
We are now treated to the irony of long queues forming to look at pages and notebooks whose author regarded them as intensely private. Therefore, all progress depends upon the unreasonable man." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 13(11): 2707-2716. Nor, for more than four centuries, could they be bothered to read them.
Myth 10: After disaster people will not make rational decisions and will therefore inevitably tend to do the wrong thing unless authority guides them. Myth 17: Unburied dead bodies constitute a health hazard. Reality: Not even advanced decomposition causes a significant health hazard.
In 2021 a colleague who studies natural hazards wrote to me that "our institute is all but destroyed and colleagues have lost their homes". Each new disaster reveals the shortcomings of hazard mitigation and disaster preparedness. First of all, we need a change in culture towards something more inclusive and more serious.
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