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IRM, ERM, and GRC: Is There a Difference?

Reciprocity

Not long ago, risk managers concerned themselves mainly with hazards such as fires and floods; or in the financial sector, loan defaults (credit risk). 2002-2007): Financial reporting, Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) compliance, and their related IT controls. Are there differences at all? Which is best? ERM: A Short History.

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State of the Nation - a UK Perspective on Covid-19

Emergency Planning

Since 2008, pandemics have been top of the list of 96 threats and hazards in the UK National Risk Register of Civil Emergencies in all editions. There were major exercises on pandemics in 2005, 2007 and 2016. The scenario for this pandemic (excluding the recovery) was fully formulated over the period 2003-2009.

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Disasters: Knowledge and Information in the New Age of Anomie

Emergency Planning

2007, Ambraseys and Bilham 2011) suggest that the principal cause of earthquake disasters is corruption, which weakens or prevents defensive anti-seismic measures. The tendency in research and policy advice is to assume that everyone in power has a strong desire to reduce hazards and threats. Register 2007. Gordon 2018.